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Weak form words

English function words have a strong form said alone and a weak form used in connected speech: and becomes n, to becomes tuh, can becomes kn. Native speakers use weak forms constantly, which is why fast speech is hard to follow. Learning them improves listening even more than speaking.


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The words

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Keep practising

Browse every practice list or the word index, hear two accents back to back on Compare, or test your ear with the listening quiz.

To read the rules behind these words, see the pronunciation guides — including silent letters, word stress and American vs British. Or hear each accent on its own page: American, British, Australian.